KUALA LUMPUR 21 Jun - Satu lagi kes influenza A (H1N1) melibatkan seorang murid perempuan berusia 11 tahun dari Sekolah Jenis Kebangsaan Cina (SJKC) Jalan Davidson, di sini disahkan hari ini, menjadikan jumlah keseluruhan sebanyak 50 kes setakat ini.
Menteri Kesihatan, Datuk Seri Liow Tiong Lai berkata, murid tersebut adalah rakan sekelas kepada kes terdahulu di sekolah berkenaan iaitu di Kelas 5(I), menjadikan pesakit H1N1 di sekolah itu kini tiga orang, dua daripadanya kes penularan tempatan.
"Kami akan memantau sekolah itu dari dekat bersama guru-guru dan PIBG," katanya kepada pemberita selepas melawat sekolah tersebut di sini hari ini.
Sebelum itu, murid perempuan kelas yang sama disahkan menghidap penyakit itu pada pukul 6.30 pagi ini.
Menurut Tiong Lai, kedua-dua mereka duduk berdekatan (di dalam kelas) dengan murid pertama sekolah itu yang mendapat jangkitan H1N1 selepas melawat Melbourne.
Berikutan itu, beliau mengumumkan penutupan SJKC Jalan Davidson mulai Jumaat lepas sehingga 26 Jun depan sebagai langkah pencegahan penularan jangkitan penyakit itu dalam kalangan warga sekolah.
Beliau berkata, sepanjang tempoh itu, semua murid, guru dan kakitangan sekolah tersebut perlu berada di rumah masing-masing dan mengelak bergaul dengan orang awam.
"Semasa tempoh kuarantin di rumah, mereka tidak dibenarkan menghadiri kelas tuisyen (bagi murid-murid), melawat tempat awam dan pergi ke majlis keraian".
"Semasa berada di dalam rumah, mereka juga dinasihatkan agar mengurangkan pergaulan dengan anggota keluarga lain yang tidak dikenakan arahan kuarantin itu," katanya.
Menurutnya, mereka yang dikenakan arahan kuarantin dikehendaki segera menghubungi Jabatan Kesihatan Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur di talian 03-26983757 atau 019-2299397 sekiranya merasa kurang sihat atau demam.
Penutupan itu melibatkan kira-kira 2,100 warga sekolah berkenaan termasuk guru, murid dan kakitangan.
Tiong Lai berkata, kementerian turut menyediakan pasukan khas dan ambulans untuk mengendalikan pesakit influenza A.
Beliau mengingatkan mereka yang diarah menjalani kuarantin supaya tidak melanggar peraturan yang ditetapkan bagi menjamin keselamatan dan kesihatan orang ramai.
"Sesiapa yang melanggar peraturan Akta Kawalan Penyakit boleh didakwa di mahkamah dan dikenakan denda RM10,000 atau penjara atau kedua-duanya.
"Selain itu, soal sesi pembelajaran yang tertinggal selama seminggu itu bergantung kepada budi bicara guru besar sekolah terbabit sama ada perlu menggantikannya pada hari lain atau sebaliknya," katanya.
"Jangan langgar peraturan ini. Jangan paksa kerajaan guna akta ini untuk dakwa sesiapa," tegasnya. - BERNAMA.

http://www.myhealth.gov.my

PUTRAJAYA: Rakyat Malaysia dinasihatkan supaya tidak melancong dan berkunjung ke Australia dan Amerika Syarikat kerana risiko virus Influenza A (H1N1), kata Timbalan Perdana Menteri, Tan Sri Muhyiddin Yassin.
Beliau berkata, walaupun Pertubuhan Kesihatan Sedunia (WHO) belum mengeluarkan sebarang larangan untuk melancong, langkah terbaik bagi rakyat negara ini ialah mereka menimbang dengan teliti mengenai risiko berkunjung ke negara yang dijangkiti H1N1.
"Mereka patut tunggu dan timbang. Saya tidak kata tak boleh pergi, memang ada alasan nak pergi, tapi risiko ada...kena timbangkan semasak-masaknya alternatif lain sebelum buat keputusan untuk pergi".
"Kalau pergi ada baik atau mungkin tak, ini cuma nasihat tak ada arahan daripada kerajaan," katanya pada sidang media selepas menutup Kejohanan Mendayung Jabatan Perdana Menteri (JPM) di Kompleks Sukan Air Putrajaya, di sini, petang semalam.
Timbalan Perdana Menteri diminta mengulas sama ada rakyat Malaysia boleh melancong ke Australia dan Amerika Syarikat berikutan penularan H1N1 di kedua-dua negara itu.
Berdasarkan laporan pada awal bulan ini, Melbourne di Australia dinamakan sebagai pusat virus H1N1 kerana negara itu mengesahkan angka virus berkenaan meningkat kepada 1,051 kes, manakala sehingga 8 Jun lalu, Amerika Syarikat mencatat 13,217 kes dengan 27 kematian.
Ketika ditanya sama ada rakyat termasuk pelajar dari negara ini patut dilarang melancong ke negara yang sudah dijangkiti virus berkenaan, Muhyiddin berkata, setakat ini kerajaan tidak mengeluarkan sebarang larangan sama ada membabitkan pelajar atau rakyat Malaysia untuk pergi ke mana-mana.
"Kita cuma nasihat yang kita keluarkan dari semasa ke semasa. Kalau boleh ditangguh... kalau nak pergi ke tempat yang ada wabak, patutnya dijauhi.
"Tapi saya fikir setakat ini belum tahap untuk menyekat sesiapa pun, kalau pelajar disekat, ibu bapa disekat, nanti langsung tak keluar ke mana-mana," katanya.
Mengenai mesin pengimbas yang ditempatkan di semua pintu masuk negara ini untuk saringan H1N1, Timbalan Perdana Menteri berkata, tidak sepatutnya berlaku pelancong dan pelawat asing lari daripada diimbas badan mereka.
"Walaupun ada yang masuk ke negara ini dan selepas itu kena demam, bukan kerana kekurangan imbasan atau pemantauan".
"Semua pintu masuk diletakkan mesin pengimbas dan kita bekerjasama dengan WHO supaya sesiapa yang datang ke Malaysia kena diimbas 100 peratus, tak patut ada yang lari. Virus ini terjadi apabila berada di rumah dan pergi hospital baru tahu ada jangkitan," katanya sambil menambah semua rakyat mesti bertanggungjawab terhadap kebersihan diri dan sentiasa mengamalkan gaya hidup sihat.

http://www.myhealth.gov.my

BRAZILIAN researchers say they have identified a new strain of the H1N1 swine flu virus in samples taken from a patient in Sau Paulo. The mutated strain shows changes in the hemagglutinin protein, which allows the virus to infect new hosts, the Adolfo Lutz Bacteriological Institute said. But it was unclear if the mutation makes the new strain more aggressive than the current H1N1 virus, which has spread to at least 76 countries around the world, causing more than 160 deaths. The young Sau Paulo man who provided the sample has made a full recovery.

http://www.myhealth.gov.my

KUALA LUMPUR: Seorang pelajar lelaki Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan (SMK) Damansara Utama disahkan positif Influenza A H1N1.
Ketua Pengatah Pelajaran, Tan Sri Alimuddin Mohd Dom, berkata pelajar berkenaan kini dikuarantin di hospital dan keadaan sekolah adalah terkawal.

http://www.myhealth.gov.my/

IPOH: Patients at the Hospital Raja Permaisuri Bainun here will be allowed only two visitors each during visiting hours, with immediate effect.
State Health Committee chairman Datuk Dr Mah Hang Soon said this was part of efforts to curb the spread of influenza A(H1N1) virus.
As the hospital was the designated one for patients in the state who were infected with the virus, increased vigilance must be taken, he said yesterday.
Children under 12 are also barred from entering the hospital wards, he added.
Speaking to reporters after launching the state’s Young Malaysians Movement blood donation campaign, Dr Mah also advised people to avoid crowded places.
The hospital’s visiting hours are from 12.30pm to 2pm and 4.30pm to 7pm on weekdays and 11.30am to 7pm on weekends.
On the condition of the 22-year-old woman who was diagnosed with the H1N1 virus, Dr Mah said she was recovering and would be discharged from the hospital soon.
It was reported that the woman, who returned from Melbourne, Australia, after visiting her brother, was diagnosed with the virus on June 14 and admitted to the hospital the next day.

http://www.myhealth.gov.my

PUTRAJAYA 4 Mei - Seorang pakar pengimunan memberi amaran wabak selesema babi atau influenza A (H1N1) boleh bertukar 'garang' dan mengancam dunia pada bila-bila masa.
Pakar imunologi, Datuk Dr. Lim Thuang Seng berkata, walaupun penyebaran H1N1 telah menunjukkan tanda-tanda kelembapan penularan namun virus tersebut akan terus bergerak dalam perumah jangkitan dan mungkin bertambah 'garang'.
''Kita tidak boleh memandang rendah H1N1, ia masih baru dan keadaan ini mungkin menjadikan virus ini agak lemah pada peringkat awal.
''Sifat virus ini bagaimanapun akan mengalami perubahan mengikut masa, ia mungkin menjadi lebih 'garang' pada masa akan datang dan mengancam keselamatan dunia," katanya kepada Utusan Malaysia hari ini.
Thuang Seng pernah menjadi pensyarah imunologi di beberapa universiti terkemuka Amerika Syarikat dan menulis artikel akademik di pelbagai jurnal imunologi dan mikrobiologi.
Beliau berkata, kemunculan H1N1 membawa lembaran baru dalam dunia sains kerana buat pertama kalinya virus yang mempunyai gabungan unsur selesema manusia, babi dan burung telah ditemui.
''Keadaan ini bermaksud virus ini mungkin menular kepada wabak besar yang boleh saling menjangkit antara manusia, burung dan haiwan.
''Penemuan kes jangkitan daripada manusia kepada babi di Kanada baru-baru ini harus dijadikan iktibar mengenai betapa pentingnya usaha cegah penularan virus perlu dijalankan sebaik mungkin," katanya.
Beliau berkata, walaupun kerajaan dan Pertubuhan Kesihatan Sedunia (WHO) boleh mencegah penularan H1N1 namun virus tersebut tidak boleh dibunuh dan akan terus aktif dalam perumah jangkitan.
''Saintis pula menghadapi pelbagai kesukaran untuk mengenal pasti perumah jangkitan untuk satu-satu jenis virus, saintis umpamanya masih gagal mengenal pasti perumah sebenar untuk virus Nipah yang pernah mengancam Malaysia.
''Ada yang mengatakan virus Nipah berumah di tubuh kelawar tetapi ia masih gagal dipastikan," katanya.
Tambahnya, walaupun penghasilan vaksin untuk H1N1 adalah penting namun vaksin tersebut mungkin tidak lagi mempunyai kesan mutlak ke atas H1N1 yang mengalami mutasi pada masa depan.
''Berita baik sekarang adalah negara seperti Amerika Syarikat mula memasuki musim panas iaitu musim yang kurang sesuai untuk penyebaran virus, keadaan ini memberi masa kepada saintis untuk menghasilkan vaksin," katanya.
Thuang Seng dalam pada itu mengkritik beberapa pihak yang memandang rendah usaha Kementerian Kesihatan untuk mencegah penularan H1N1.
''Ada orang menganggap usaha yang dilakukan kerajaan sebagai tidak perlu, mereka sebenarnya tidak faham tentang sifat virus.
''Tindakan Kementerian Kesihatan yang bertujuan melindungi keselamatan rakyat perlu disokong," katanya.

http://www.utusan.com.my

Fast facts

• Intense painful swelling in the feet (and especially the big toe) may indicate gout.

• Treatment options exist, but therapy should be individualized for each person.

• Avoiding alcohol and certain fish and meats helps prevent further gout attacks.

What is gout?

Gout is a painful and potentially disabling form of arthritis that has been recognized since ancient times. Initial symptoms usually consist of intense episodes of painful swelling in single joints, most often in the feet (especially the big toe). Treatments are now available to control most cases of gout, but diagnosing this disorder can be difficult and treatment plans often have to be tailored for each person.

What causes gout?

Gout occurs when excess uric acid (a normal waste product) accumulates in the body, and crystals deposit in the joints. This may happen because either uric acid production increases or, more often, the kidneys are unable to remove uric acid from the body adequately. Certain foods, such as shellfish and alcohol, may increase uric acid levels and lead to gout attacks.

Some medications also can increase uric acid levels. Examples of such medications include moderate-dose aspirin (81 mg used for prevention of heart attack and stroke has minimal effect and can generally be continued), diuretics such as hydrochlorothiazide (Esidrix, Hydro-D), and immunosuppressants used in organ transplantation such as cyclosporine (Neoral, Sandimmune) and tacrolimus (Prograf). With time, increased uric acid levels in the blood may lead to deposits of monosodium urate crystals in and around the joints. These crystals can attract white blood cells, leading to severe gout attacks. Uric acid also can deposit in the urinary tract, causing kidney stones.

Who gets gout?

Gout afflicts up to 3 million Americans. This condition and its complications occur more often in men, women after menopause, and people with kidney disease. Gout is strongly associated with obesity, hypertension, hyperlipidemia and diabetes. Because of genetic factors, gout tends to run in some families.

The base of the big toe and ankle are red, swollen, and extremely painful due to an acute attack of gout. As the attack subsides, the superficial skin may peel.

How is gout diagnosed?

Several other kinds of arthritis can mimic gout, so proper diagnosis is essential. Gout is suspected when a patient experiences joint swelling and intense pain followed, at least at first, by pain-free periods between attacks. Initial gout attacks often occur at night.

A correct diagnosis may depend on finding the characteristic crystals. The physician will use a needle to extract fluid from an affected joint and examine that fluid under a microscope to determine whether monosodium urate crystals are present. Crystals also can be found in deposits under the skin (called tophi) that occur in advanced gout. Uric acid levels in the blood can be misleading, as these may be temporarily normal or even low during attacks. Uric acid levels also are often elevated in people who do not have gout.

How is gout treated?

Traditionally treatment for acute gout has consisted of colchicine (available only as a generic drug), which can be effective if given early in the attack. However, colchicine can cause nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and other side effects. Low doses may be better tolerated; doses must be lowered in patients with renal disease. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS) are “aspirin like” medications that can decrease inflammation as well as pain in joints and other tissues. NSAIDs -- such as indomethacin (Indocin) and naproxen (Naprosyn) -- have become the treatment choice for most acute attacks of gout. There is no evidence that any one NSAID is better than others. High doses of short-acting NSAIDS provide fastest relief of symptoms. These medications may cause stomach irritation, ulcers, or diarrhea but, if used for the short term, are generally well tolerated.

Some people are unable to take NSAIDS because of medical conditions such as ulcer disease, impaired kidney function or the use of blood thinners. Corticosteroids are important options in patients who cannot take NSAIDS or colchicine. Given orally or by injection directly into the joint or intramuscularly, they can be very effective in treating gout attacks. Resting the affected joint and applying cold compresses to the area also may help alleviate pain.

Efforts to normalize blood uric acid levels should be considered for patients who have repeated gout attacks, unusually high levels of serum uric acid, or tophi or kidney stones. Probenecid (Benemid) helps the kidneys eliminate uric acid. Allopurinol (Lopurin, Zyloprim) blocks production of uric acid and is most often the agent selected to normalize blood levels. Additional new agents to normalize uric acid levels are under development.

What works well for one person may not work as well for another, so decisions about when to start treatment and what drugs to use have to be tailored for each patient, and depend on kidney function and other factors. Once commitment is made to use any agents to lower uric acid levels, therapy should be increased gradually until levels are less than 6 mg/dl at which point crystals can be dissolved.

Drinking alcohol should be reduced or stopped. Diets that restrict foods rich in purines (substances found in meat and certain types of seafood or high fructose beverages) may help in difficult cases. In almost all cases, it is possible to successfully treat gout so that the patient experiences a gradual ending of attacks, and decreases in the number and size of tophi.

Broader health impacts of gout

Gout is often associated with heart and kidney disease, or the use of medications that increase uric acid levels. Therefore, medical tests should include checking for and treatment directed to these related conditions.

Living with gout

Life style changes such as weight control, limiting alcohol consumption, and limiting meals with meats and fish rich in purines, are helpful in controlling gout

Lifestyle changes may make it easier to manage this lifetime disease. Suggestions include gradual weight loss, avoidance of alcohol and, in some cases, reduced consumption of foods high in purines and carbohydrates.

The rheumatologist's role in the treatment of gout

The treatment of gout can be complicated by co-existing medical conditions and other medications. As experts in the treatment of arthritis, rheumatologists evaluate patients to determine whether gout is the cause of their arthritis, educate them about the role and proper use of medications as well as other treatment measures, and act as a resource to primary care physicians.

Points to remember

• Gout can be diagnosed accurately by identifying the characteristic crystals in the fluid in joints.

• There are two types of treatment for gout: medications to control the attacks of joint pain such as NSAIDs, colchicine and corticosteroids, and medications that can lower the level of uric acid in the body over time so the attacks occur less frequently or not at all.

• People with chronic gout often require lifetime treatment with drugs to lower uric acid levels.

• Life style changes such as weight control, limiting alcohol consumption, and limiting meals with meats and fish rich in purines can also be helpful in controlling gout.

To find a rheumatologist

For a listing of rheumatologists in your area, click here.

For more information

The American College of Rheumatology has compiled this list to give you a starting point for your own additional research. The ACR does not endorse or maintain these Web sites, and is not responsible for any information or claims provided on them. It is always best to talk with your rheumatologist for more information and before making any decisions about your care.

The Arthritis Foundation
www.arthritis.org

National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases Information Clearinghouse
www.niams.nih.gov

Updated June 2006

Written by H. Ralph Schumacher, MD and reviewed by the American College of Rheumatology Patient Education Task Force.

http://www.rheumatology.org

What is It?
Osteoporosis: A debilitating disease that can be prevented and treated.

FIVE STEPS TO BONE HEALTH AND OSTEOPOROSIS PREVENTION EAT RIGHT: Get your daily recommended amounts of Calcium and Vitamin D. EXERCISE: Engage in regular weight-bearing and muscle strengthening exercise. MAINTAIN A HEALTHY LIFESTYLE: Avoid smoking and excessive alcohol consumption. TALK TO YOUR HEALTHCARE PROVIDER: Talk to your healthcare provider about bone health. GET TESTED: Have a bone density test and take medication when appropriate.

Osteoporosis is a disease in which bones become fragile and more likely to break. If not prevented or if left untreated, osteoporosis can progress painlessly until a bone breaks. These broken bones, also known as fractures, occur typically in the hip, spine, and wrist.

Any bone can be affected, but of special concern are fractures of the hip and spine. A hip fracture almost always requires hospitalization and major surgery. It can impair a person's ability to walk unassisted and may cause prolonged or permanent disability or even death. Spinal or vertebral fractures also have serious consequences, including loss of height, severe back pain, and deformity.

Millions of Americans are at risk. While women are four times more likely than men to develop the disease, men also suffer from osteoporosis.

Download the Osteoporosis: Can It Happen to You? risk factor questionnaire.

To receive the latest scientific information on osteoporosis and ideas on how to better cope with this disease, please consider joining the NOF Family. New members of the National Osteoporosis Foundation ($30) receive our quarterly newsletter, The Osteoporosis Report, and a copy of our 74-page comprehensive patient handbook, Boning Up on Osteoporosis. Several levels of health professional memberships are available. Join on-line today!

Download OSTEOPEDIA^TM : A Glossary of Commonly Used Terms in Osteoporosis

If you are looking for information that does not appear on this site, please visit our on-line Information Request Center

http://www.nof.org

Dementia describes a group of symptoms that are caused by changes in brain function. Dementia symptoms may include asking the same questions repeatedly; becoming lost in familiar places; being unable to follow directions; getting disoriented about time, people, and places; and neglecting personal safety, hygiene, and nutrition. People with dementia lose their abilities at different rates.

Dementia is caused by many conditions. Some conditions that cause dementia can be reversed, and others cannot. The two most common forms of dementia in older people are Alzheimer’s disease and multi-infarct dementia (sometimes called vascular dementia). These types of dementia are irreversible, which means they cannot be cured.

Reversible conditions with symptoms of dementia can be caused by a high fever, dehydration, vitamin deficiency and poor nutrition, bad reactions to medicines, problems with the thyroid gland, or a minor head injury. Medical conditions like these can be serious and should be treated by a doctor as soon as possible.

Sometimes older people have emotional problems that can be mistaken for dementia. Feeling sad, lonely, worried, or bored may be more common for older people facing retirement or coping with the death of a spouse, relative, or friend. Adapting to these changes leaves some people feeling confused or forgetful. Emotional problems can be eased by supportive friends and family, or by professional help from a doctor or counselor.

What is Multi-Infarct Dementia?

In multi-infarct dementia, a series of small strokes or changes in the brain’s blood supply may result in the death of brain tissue. The location in the brain where the small strokes occur determines the seriousness of the problem and the symptoms that arise. Symptoms that begin suddenly may be a sign of this kind of dementia. People with multi-infarct dementia are likely to show signs of improvement or remain stable for long periods of time, then quickly develop new symptoms if more strokes occur. In many people with multi-infarct dementia, high blood pressure is to blame. One of the most important reasons for controlling high blood pressure is to prevent strokes.

http://psychcentral.com

Epilepsy is a brain disorder that causes people to have recurring seizures. The seizures happen when clusters of nerve cells, or neurons, in the brain send out the wrong signals. People may have strange sensations and emotions or behave strangely. They may have violent muscle spasms or lose consciousness.

Epilepsy has many possible causes, including illness, brain injury and abnormal brain development. In many cases, the cause is unknown.

Doctors use brain scans and other tests to diagnose epilepsy. It is important to start treatment right away. There is no cure for epilepsy, but medicines can control seizures for most people. When medicines are not working well, surgery or implanted devices such as vagus nerve stimulators may help. Special diets can help some children with epilepsy.

National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke

• Overviews
  • Epilepsy(Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research)
  • Frequently Asked Questions about Epilepsy(Epilepsy Foundation)

    Also available in Spanish

  • Seizures and Epilepsy: Hope through Research(National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke)

    Also available in Spanish

• Latest News
  • Pregnant Women With Epilepsy Should Avoid Valproate(04/27/2009, HealthDay)
  • Epilepsy Drug Impairs Baby's Intelligence(04/15/2009, HealthDay)
• Diagnosis/Symptoms
  • Brain Imaging(Epilepsy Foundation)
  • Computed Tomography (CT) -- Head(American College of Radiology, Radiological Society of North America)

    Also available in Spanish

  • Functional MR Imaging (fMRI) -- Brain(American College of Radiology, Radiological Society of North America)

    Also available in Spanish

  • Importance of EEG Tests(Epilepsy Foundation)
  • Nonepileptic Seizures(Epilepsy Foundation)

    Also available in Spanish

  • Spectrum of Severity in Epilepsy(Epilepsy Foundation)
• Treatment
  • Corpus Callosotomy(Cleveland Clinic Foundation)
  • Epilepsy Surgery(Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research)
  • Extratemporal Cortical Resection(Cleveland Clinic Foundation)
  • First Aid for Seizures(Epilepsy Foundation)
  • General Information about Medications for Epilepsy(Epilepsy Foundation)
  • General Information about Surgery(Epilepsy Foundation)
  • JAMA Patient Page: Epilepsy Surgery(American Medical Association) - Links to PDF
  • Neurosurgery - What Is It?(Patient Education Institute)

    Also available in Spanish

  • Vagus Nerve Stimulation Therapy(Epilepsy Foundation)
  • Wada Test(Cleveland Clinic Foundation)
  Return to top
• Alternative Therapy
  • Complementary Treatment(Epilepsy Foundation)
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• Nutrition
  • Ketogenic Diet(Epilepsy Foundation)
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• Specific Conditions
  • Dravet Syndrome(National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke) - Short Summary
  • Epilepsy Syndromes(Epilepsy Foundation)
  • Generalized Seizures(Epilepsy Foundation)
  • Lennox-Gastaut Syndrome(National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke) - Short Summary
  • Partial Seizures(Epilepsy Foundation)
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• Related Issues
  • Driving and You (Epilepsy)(Epilepsy Foundation)

    Also available in Spanish

  • Epilepsy and Sexual Relations(Epilepsy Foundation)

    Also available in Spanish

  • Epileptic Vertigo(American Hearing Research Foundation)
  • Know the Difference: Resources for African-Americans with Epilepsy(Epilepsy Foundation)
  • Living with Epilepsy(Epilepsy Foundation)
  • Managing Status Epilepticus(Epilepsy Foundation)
  • Social Aspects of Epilepsy(Epilepsy Foundation)
  • Your Appointment(Epilepsy Foundation)
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• Tutorials
  • Neurosurgery - What Is It?(Patient Education Institute)

    Also available in Spanish

  • Seizures and Epilepsy(Patient Education Institute)

    Also available in Spanish

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• Videos
  • If I Had - Uncontrolled Epilepsy(Insidermedicine)
  • Resective Surgery for Refractory Epilepsy(OR-Live) - One hour program
  • Temporal Lobe Resection to Control Epilepsy(OR-Live) - One hour program
  • Vagus Nerve Stimulation (VNS Therapy)(OR-Live) - One hour program
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• Anatomy/Physiology
  • Epilepsy and the Brain(Epilepsy Foundation)
  • Seizure Mechanisms and Threshold(Epilepsy Foundation)
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• Financial Issues
  • Finding Emergency Medication Assistance(Epilepsy Foundation)
  • General Information about Financial Planning for Epilepsy(Epilepsy Foundation)
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• Clinical Trials
  • ClinicalTrials.gov: Epilepsy(National Institutes of Health)
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• Genetics
  • Genetics and Epilepsy(Epilepsy Foundation)

    Also available in Spanish

  • Genetics Home Reference: Autosomal dominant nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy(National Library of Medicine)
  • Genetics Home Reference: Autosomal dominant partial epilepsy with auditory features(National Library of Medicine)
  • Genetics Home Reference: Pyridoxal 5'-phosphate-dependent epilepsy(National Library of Medicine)
  • Genetics Home Reference: Pyridoxine-dependent epilepsy(National Library of Medicine)
  • Genetics Home Reference: Ring chromosome 14 syndrome(National Library of Medicine)
  • Genetics Home Reference: Ring chromosome 20 syndrome(National Library of Medicine)
  • Genetics Home Reference: Unverricht-Lundborg disease(National Library of Medicine)
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• Research
  • Antiepileptic Drug and Bone Health(American Academy of Neurology)
  • Curing Epilepsy: The Promise of Research(National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke)
  • Epilepsy(National Institutes of Health) - Links to PDF
  • Tuberous Sclerosis Moves toward Drug Therapy, Offers Clues to Epilepsy and Autism(National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke)
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• Journal Articles

  References and abstracts from MEDLINE/PubMed (National Library of Medicine)

  • Article: Epilepsy, ataxia, sensorineural deafness, tubulopathy, and KCNJ10 mutations.
  • Article: Vagal nerve stimulation--a 15-year survey of an established treatment modality...
  • Article: Schizophrenia and epilepsy: is there a shared susceptibility?
  • Epilepsy -- see more articles
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• Dictionaries/Glossaries
  • Epilepsy Terms Glossary(Epilepsy Foundation)
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• Directories
  • Finding a Physician Who Specializes in Epilepsy Treatment(Epilepsy Foundation)
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• Organizations
  • Epilepsy Foundation
  • National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke

    Also available in Spanish

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• Newsletters/Print Publications
  • Epilepsy USA(Epilepsy Foundation)
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• Law and Policy
  • Driver Licensing(Epilepsy Foundation)
  • General Information about Insurance(Epilepsy Foundation)
  • General Information about Legal Aspects of Epilepsy(Epilepsy Foundation)
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• Statistics
  • Epilepsy and Seizure Statistics(Epilepsy Foundation)
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• Children
  • Children and Medicine(Epilepsy Foundation)
  • Epilepsy(Nemours Foundation)
  • Epilepsy(National Dissemination Center for Children with Disabilities)

    Also available in Spanish

  • Epilepsy Foundation Kid's Club(Epilepsy Foundation)
  • For Parents: Introduction to Epilepsy(Epilepsy Foundation)
  • General Information about Epilepsy in Children(Epilepsy Foundation)
  • Infantile Spasms(National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke) - Short Summary
  • Your Child at School(Epilepsy Foundation)
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• Teenagers
  • Epilepsy(Nemours Foundation)
  • General Information about Teenagers with Epilepsy(Epilepsy Foundation)
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• Women
  • Epilepsy and Pregnancy: Healthy Choices for a Healthy Baby(Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research)
  • Women and Epilepsy(Epilepsy Foundation)

    Also available in Spanish

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• Seniors
  • Epilepsy in the Elderly(Epilepsy Foundation)

    Also available in Spanish

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If you're experiencing aches and pains we can help you find answers. Find out what your symptoms mean for your health.

• Symptom Checker